A profoundly gifted Thespian who used his career to make America more American. Go to your rest sir, in knowledge that you have inspired us to be better, rest well, you earned it.
This magazine quotes the cost of a single discharge of 13 inch gun ammunition as 500 US 1904 dollars. No wonder the Navy rarely did target practice! To put some perspective on that, the entire navy had a 1,000,000 dollar training budget for the entirety of the fleet. 177 ships. That was for all calibres and torpedos.
Seacost defense in the 1860s-1910s depended on sea forts protecting harbors, these forts featured "disappearing" guns, large caliber guns on hydrostatic mounts that could elevate them over a parapet for firing, but retracted into armored bays for reloading, giving crews theoretical protection from the enemy fire, like all sea war in the late 1800s the rapidity of technological change caused an evolution in size, weight, power so fast that every aspect of these defenses were usually obsolete before the concrete finished curing.
